HIP CONDITIONS

Hip Osteoarthritis

Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition where the cartilage cushioning the hip joint wears away, leading to the bones rubbing against each other. This results in pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. Common symptoms include pain in the groin, thigh, or buttocks (especially with activity), stiffness in the morning or after inactivity, reduced range of motion, and a grinding sensation during movement.

Besides osteoarthritis, other forms of arthritis can affect the hip, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks the joint lining; psoriatic arthritis, linked with psoriasis; and ankylosing spondylitis, which primarily affects the spine but can also impact the hips.

Several factors increase the risk of developing hip osteoarthritis, including age, genetics, previous injuries, obesity, and joint abnormalities like hip dysplasia. Diagnosing these conditions typically involves reviewing the patient's medical history, performing a physical examination, and using imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs. Blood tests may also be used, particularly for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis.

Treatment options for hip arthritis include non-surgical methods and surgical interventions. Non-surgical treatments include medications to relieve pain and reduce inflammation, physiotherapy to improve strength and try and maintain flexibility, lifestyle modifications to manage symptoms, and assistive devices like canes or walkers. Staying active, maintaining a healthy weight, and following a personalised treatment plan can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Surgical treatments may involve hip replacement surgery or consideration of hip resurfacing for younger, more active patients.